Conditioning refers to how sensitive a linear system’s output is to small changes in its inputs or parameters. It essentially tells us how well the system can “handle” small perturbations.

Ill-conditioned:

  • Characteristics: Even tiny changes to the system can lead to significantly large differences in the final results.
  • Analogy: Think of it like a wobbly table. A slight bump can make everything on it fall over.
  • Feeling: Unstable and highly sensitive.

Well-conditioned:

  • Characteristics: Small changes to the system result in minimal or no change in the final results.
  • Analogy: This is like a sturdy table. A slight bump won’t disturb anything on it.
  • Feeling: Robust and stable.

In essence, the “condition” of a system describes its ability to withstand external shocks or small changes.

(Meyer, 2000, p. 33)

Reference

Meyer, C. D. (2000). Matrix Analysis and Applied Linear Algebra (Vol. 71). SIAM.